Luke 15 Bible study: He was lost and is found

"Now all the tax collectors and sinners were coming close to him to hear him." (15:1) (tap tax collectors). "The Pharisees and the scribes murmured, saying, “This man welcomes sinners, and eats with them.”" (15:2) (tap murmured and welcomes). Luke's next words are, "He told them this parable" (15:3). Then Jesus tells of a man who has one hundred sheep and loses one (15:4-7), a woman who has ten drachma coins and loses one (15:8-10), and a man with two sons, the younger of whom travels "into a far country" (15:11-32). Here is what almost everyone misses: the word in their complaint comes back in Jesus's own words. They say, "This man welcomes sinners" (15:2). The first story ends, "there will be more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents" (15:7), and the second, "there is joy in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner repenting" (15:10) (tap sinner). In the Greek it is the same word in all four verses (15:1, 15:2, 15:7, 15:10).

Judges 10:15→leads toLuke 15:18-20

Israel said to the LORD, "We have sinned! Do to us whatever seems good to you; only deliver us, please, today" (10:15), and "They put away the foreign gods from among them and served the LORD" (10:16). When "the tax collectors and sinners were coming close to him to hear him" (Luke 15:1), Jesus told of a younger son who left for "a far country" (Luke 15:13) and, in his need, said, "I will get up and go to my father" (Luke 15:18). He would say, "Father, I have sinned against heaven and in your sight" (Luke 15:18), and "Make me as one of your hired servants" (Luke 15:19). "He arose and came to his father" (Luke 15:20). Jesus doesn't cite Judges 10, so setting the two side by side is a reading, resting on what both passages state: people who have turned away say they have sinned, put themselves in the hands of the one they sinned against, and come back. Some hear in the father, who "was moved with compassion" (Luke 15:20), what 10:16 shows of the LORD. Others note that the end of 10:16 is read in more than one way (see the honest question), read the parable as Jesus' answer to those who said, "This man welcomes sinners, and eats with them" (Luke 15:2), and don't look from one to the other.

ἀπόλλυμιapollymisay ap-OL-loo-mee

Strong's: "to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively". Here is what almost everyone misses: in RP2018, the Greek text the WEB translates, the chapter has this verb eight times, and the WEB gives it as lost seven times: twice in 15:4, and in 15:6, 15:8, 15:9, 15:24 and 15:32. The eighth is in the younger son's own words: "I’m dying with hunger!" (15:17). Luke's Greek has it 27 times (counted in RP2018). Favor's John 6 studies it, and Favor's Matthew 18 sets Luke's lost beside Matthew's astray.