Psalm 121 · a question people ask

Is 121:3 a promise, or a wish?

In the text

The WEB gives it as a promise: "He will not allow your foot to be moved. He who keeps you will not slumber" (121:3). In Hebrew both of its nots are al, which Brown-Driver-Briggs describes as a word of negation "denying however, not objectively as a fact, but subjectively as a wish, expressing therefore a deprecation or prohibition". The next verse uses another Hebrew word for not, lo, twice: "Behold, he who keeps Israel will neither slumber nor sleep" (121:4). So 121:3 can be heard as words said over the one addressed, may he not, with 121:4 then saying it outright; or both verses can be heard, as the WEB gives them, as statements. The Hebrew doesn't settle how 121:3 is best put into English, and these notes don't choose. On either hearing, 121:4 says it without a wish: he "will neither slumber nor sleep".

The verses

“He will not allow your foot to be moved. He who keeps you will not slumber. Behold, he who keeps Israel will neither slumber nor sleep.”
Psalm 121:3-4 · World English Bible

From Favor's study of Psalm 121

Psalm 121: He who keeps you

In eight verses Psalm 121 has one Hebrew verb six times: shamar, keep. First it names the LORD by it three times, "he who keeps you", "he who keeps Israel", "your keeper" (121:3-5); then three times it says what he will do: keep you, keep your soul, keep your going out and your coming in (121:7-8).

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Scripture quotations are from the World English Bible, which is in the public domain. Every answer cites the verses it rests on. What we believe · All Bible questions