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Deuteronomy 31 Bible study: He will not forsake you

"He will not fail you nor forsake you" (31:6) and "This people… will forsake me" (31:16) stand ten verses apart, with the same Hebrew verb. The LORD knew what they would do (31:21), and still the chapter holds the promise that he goes with them, and gives them a song and a book of the law as witnesses (31:19, 31:26).

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“Be strong and courageous. Don’t be afraid or scared of them, for the LORD your God himself is who goes with you. He will not fail you nor forsake you.”
Deuteronomy 31:6 · World English Bible

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“In Deuteronomy 31, before naming Joshua, Moses says the LORD himself will go over the Jordan before the people.”

Is that in Deuteronomy 31, or not? Make your call.

What's really going on

Moses stays; the LORD goes over

In the text

"Moses went and spoke these words to all Israel" (31:1). He begins with himself: "I am one hundred twenty years old today. I can no more go out and come in" (31:2), and the LORD's word to him, "You shall not go over this Jordan" (31:2; see 3:27). Then, in the next verse, who will go over instead: "The LORD your God himself will go over before you", and "Joshua will go over before you, as the LORD has spoken" (31:3). Moses can't cross, and the chapter's first answer is not Joshua but the LORD himself. "Go out and come in" are the words Moses used when he asked for a leader, one "who may go out before them, and who may come in before them" (Numbers 27:17); in Hebrew they are the same two verbs.

Where it leads to Jesus

I will never forsake you

Interpretation

Deuteronomy 31:6leads toHebrews 13:5-8

Moses tells Israel, "He will not fail you nor forsake you" (31:6), and Joshua the same (31:8); after Moses dies the LORD says it to Joshua himself: "I will not fail you nor forsake you" (Joshua 1:5). Hebrews gives its readers a promise in words close to these: "for he has said, ‘I will in no way leave you, neither will I in any way forsake you’" (Hebrews 13:5), and goes on, "So that with good courage we say, ‘The Lord is my helper. I will not fear’" (Hebrews 13:6). Hebrews doesn’t say which verse it gives, and doesn’t name Jesus in 13:5, so joining this promise to Jesus is a reading. Some read it with what Hebrews says three verses later, "Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, today, and forever" (Hebrews 13:8): the promise given long ago still holds for Hebrews’ readers, who belong to Jesus, and he does not change. Others read 13:8 with the verse just before it, "Remember your leaders… imitate their faith" (Hebrews 13:7), and take 13:5 as God’s promise brought over to the readers, without making 13:8 its landing.

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The rest of Deuteronomy 31 is waiting in Favor

  • "Be strong and courageous", three times
  • Forsake, both ways
  • Written, read aloud, sung
  • Horeb's words, every seven years
  • The LORD at the Tent
  • Beside the ark, not in it
  • 11 questions as you read
  • 11 more Hebrew words
  • A short check at the end
  • Your notes, saved as you go
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The Hebrew word behind it

עָזַבazavsay a-ZAV

Brown-Driver-Briggs: "leave, forsake, loose". Strong's: "to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.". It comes four times in this chapter, both ways. The LORD "will not fail you nor forsake you" (31:6, 31:8). The people "will forsake me and break my covenant" (31:16). And then, "I will forsake them, and I will hide my face from them" (31:17). Deuteronomy uses the verb nine times; four are here. Earlier it warned of curses "because of the evil of your doings, by which you have forsaken me" (28:20). Through Isaiah the LORD says, "For a small moment I have forsaken you, but I will gather you with great mercies" (Isaiah 54:7).

For your group

Deuteronomy 31 Bible study questions

  1. 1"Be strong and courageous… for the LORD your God himself is who goes with you" (31:6). What are you facing right now that needs courage, and what difference does "goes with you" make to it?
  2. 2The law was read so "that their children, who have not known, may hear and learn" (31:13). Who in your life hasn't yet heard, and what is one way you could help them hear?
  3. 3The LORD gave a song, "Put it in their mouths" (31:19), because "it will not be forgotten" (31:21). What words of Scripture have stayed with you because you learned them by heart or in song, and when did they come back to you?

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Questions

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