Psalm 89 · a question people ask
The title says "A contemplation by Ethan, the Ezrahite" (89:1). Who was Ethan, and when was the psalm written?
The title says only those words. It gives no date and no occasion. The Hebrew Bible has the word Ezrahite three times: here, in the title of the psalm before, "A contemplation by Heman, the Ezrahite" (Psalm 88:1), and in 1 Kings, which says Solomon "was wiser than all men—wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol" (1 Kings 4:31). Other verses name an Ethan too: among "The sons of Zerah" (1 Chronicles 2:6), and among the singers (1 Chronicles 15:17, 15:19). The chapter on 1 Chronicles 6 sets these verses side by side in its honest question on Heman and Ethan, and the chapter on Psalm 88 does the same for Heman. None of these verses says that the Ethan it names made this psalm, and these notes don't say so either. The psalm names no king after David. It speaks of "your anointed" (89:38, 89:51) and of what has happened to him, but doesn't say which king it means or when, and these notes don't guess. No New Testament verse names a writer for Psalm 89.
The verses
“A contemplation by Ethan, the Ezrahite. I will sing of the loving kindness of the LORD forever. With my mouth, I will make known your faithfulness to all generations.”
“A Song. A Psalm by the sons of Korah. For the Chief Musician. To the tune of “The Suffering of Affliction.” A contemplation by Heman, the Ezrahite. LORD, the God of my salvation, I have cried day and night before you.”
“Solomon’s wisdom excelled the wisdom of all the children of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt. For he was wiser than all men—wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol; and his fame was in all the nations all around.”
“The sons of Zerah: Zimri, Ethan, Heman, Calcol, and Dara—five of them in all.”