Psalm 47 · a question people ask

"He subdues nations under us, and peoples under our feet" (47:3). How does that fit with calling all the nations to clap?

In the text

The psalm says both, and it doesn't explain how they fit. It opens, "Oh clap your hands, all you nations. Shout to God with the voice of triumph!" (47:1), and gives the reason: "He is a great King over all the earth" (47:2). Then it says, "He subdues nations under us, and peoples under our feet" (47:3), and "He chooses our inheritance for us, the glory of Jacob whom he loved" (47:4). In the WEB the He of both verses follows "the LORD Most High" of 47:2: He subdues, He chooses. The psalm doesn't name its us; beside our inheritance it sets "the glory of Jacob whom he loved" (47:4), and says no more of it. And it doesn't say when or how the nations were subdued. The verb the WEB gives as subdues is one Strong's gives as "to speak", and "rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue". Psalm 18 has the same verb with the same Hebrew word for the peoples: "and subdues peoples under me" (Psalm 18:47). By its last verse the psalm speaks of the peoples another way: "The princes of the peoples are gathered together, the people of the God of Abraham" (47:9). These notes don't apply 47:3 to any nation or people today.

The verses

“For the Chief Musician. A Psalm by the sons of Korah. Oh clap your hands, all you nations. Shout to God with the voice of triumph! For the LORD Most High is awesome. He is a great King over all the earth. He subdues nations under us, and peoples under our feet. He chooses our inheritance for us, the glory of Jacob whom he loved. Selah.”
Psalm 47:1-4 · World English Bible
“The princes of the peoples are gathered together, the people of the God of Abraham. For the shields of the earth belong to God. He is greatly exalted!”
Psalm 47:9 · World English Bible
“even the God who executes vengeance for me, and subdues peoples under me.”
Psalm 18:47 · World English Bible

From Favor's study of Psalm 47

Psalm 47: King of all the earth

In Hebrew, the nations of "Oh clap your hands, all you nations" (47:1) and the last verse's peoples and people are one word: the psalm calls the peoples to clap, and ends with their princes "gathered together, the people of the God of Abraham" (47:9). And "gone up" (47:5) and "greatly exalted" (47:9) are one Hebrew verb.

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