Proverbs 4 · a question people ask

"For I was a son to my father" (4:3). Who is this father, and who was his father?

In the text

The chapter doesn't say. The father speaks as I (4:2-4, 4:11), and he names no one: not himself, not his father, not his mother (4:3). The book's first heading is "The proverbs of Solomon, the son of David, king of Israel" (1:1), and chapter 4 adds nothing to it. The Hebrew text has no quotation marks, so it doesn't mark where his father's words end. The WEB opens them after "He taught me, and said to me" (4:4) and closes them at the end of 4:9, and 4:10 begins again, "Listen, my son" (4:10). These notes don't name the father or his father, and don't decide where his father's words end.

The verses

“for I give you sound learning. Don’t forsake my law. For I was a son to my father, tender and an only child in the sight of my mother. He taught me, and said to me: “Let your heart retain my words. Keep my commandments, and live.”
Proverbs 4:2-4 · World English Bible
“She will give to your head a garland of grace. She will deliver a crown of splendor to you.” Listen, my son, and receive my sayings. The years of your life will be many. I have taught you in the way of wisdom. I have led you in straight paths.”
Proverbs 4:9-11 · World English Bible
“The proverbs of Solomon, the son of David, king of Israel:”
Proverbs 1:1 · World English Bible

From Favor's study of Proverbs 4

Proverbs 4: Keep your heart

Proverbs 4 hands teaching down three generations: a father gives his sons what his own father taught him (4:3-4). The Keep of "Keep your heart" (4:23) is the verb of wisdom that "will keep you" (4:6), and the Hebrew word behind wellspring is used most often of a border (Joshua 15:4).

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Scripture quotations are from the World English Bible, which is in the public domain. Every answer cites the verses it rests on. What we believe · All Bible questions