2 Samuel 3 · a question people ask
Wasn't Joab only doing what the Law allowed an avenger of blood to do?
Here is what the Law and these chapters say. The Law gave the avenger of blood a part: "The avenger of blood shall himself put the murderer to death" (Numbers 35:19). It also set apart cities of refuge, "that the man slayer not die until he stands before the congregation for judgment" (Numbers 35:12), and Hebron was one of them (Joshua 20:7). 2 Samuel 3 doesn't use the Law's words here. It doesn't call Joab an avenger or Abner a murderer, and it doesn't mention refuge or a judgment. It gives Joab's reason, "for the blood of Asahel his brother" (3:27), and says Asahel was killed "at Gibeon in the battle" (3:30), after Abner had twice told him to turn away (2:21-22). It gives David's words: "May the LORD reward the evildoer according to his wickedness" (3:39). Near the end of his life David tells Solomon that Joab killed Abner and Amasa "and shed the blood of war in peace" (1 Kings 2:5), and Solomon speaks of "the blood, which Joab shed without cause" (1 Kings 2:31).
The verses
“The cities shall be for your refuge from the avenger, that the man slayer not die until he stands before the congregation for judgment.”
“The avenger of blood shall himself put the murderer to death. When he meets him, he shall put him to death.”
“They set apart Kedesh in Galilee in the hill country of Naphtali, Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and Kiriath Arba (also called Hebron) in the hill country of Judah.”
“Abner said to him, “Turn away to your right hand or to your left, and grab one of the young men, and take his armor.” But Asahel would not turn away from following him. Abner said again to Asahel, “Turn away from following me. Why should I strike you to the ground? How then could I look Joab your brother in the face?””