1 Kings 2 · a question people ask

Why did Solomon have Adonijah, Joab and Shimei put to death?

In the text

The chapter gives Solomon's own words for each and adds no verdict of its own. When Adonijah asks for Abishag the Shunammite as his wife (2:17) and Bathsheba brings the request (2:21), Solomon answers his mother, "Ask for him the kingdom also, for he is my elder brother; even for him, and for Abiathar the priest, and for Joab the son of Zeruiah" (2:22), and swears, "surely Adonijah shall be put to death today" (2:24). Adonijah had said to Bathsheba, "You know that the kingdom was mine" (2:15), and in chapter 1 Solomon had spared him on a condition: "if wickedness is found in him, he shall die" (1:52). The chapter doesn't explain further why the request meant what Solomon said it meant. Of Joab the narrator says, "Joab had followed Adonijah, although he didn’t follow Absalom" (2:28), and Solomon names the blood Joab had shed: "that you may take away the blood, which Joab shed without cause, from me and from my father’s house" (2:31), the blood of Abner and Amasa (2:32). To Shimei, Solomon names the oath he broke (2:42-43) and "all the wickedness that you did to David my father" (2:44). Abiathar, who had also followed Adonijah (1:7), is told, "you are worthy of death" (2:26), and spared for what he had done with David (2:26). The chapter closes, "The kingdom was established in the hand of Solomon" (2:46).

The verses

“He said, “You know that the kingdom was mine, and that all Israel set their faces on me, that I should reign. However, the kingdom is turned around, and has become my brother’s; for it was his from the LORD.”
1 Kings 2:15 · World English Bible
“He said, “Please speak to Solomon the king (for he will not tell you ‘no’), that he give me Abishag the Shunammite as wife.””
1 Kings 2:17 · World English Bible
“Solomon said, “If he shows himself a worthy man, not a hair of his shall fall to the earth; but if wickedness is found in him, he shall die.””
1 Kings 1:52 · World English Bible
“This news came to Joab; for Joab had followed Adonijah, although he didn’t follow Absalom. Joab fled to the LORD’s Tent, and held onto the horns of the altar.”
1 Kings 2:28 · World English Bible

From Favor's study of 1 Kings 2

1 Kings 2: The way of all the earth

David's last charge, "You be strong" and keep what "is written in the law of Moses, that you may prosper" (2:2-3), echoes in Hebrew the LORD's charge to Joshua (Joshua 1:7). And the chapter's last line, "The kingdom was established" (2:46), uses the two words of Nathan's promise, "I will establish his kingdom" (2 Samuel 7:12).

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Scripture quotations are from the World English Bible, which is in the public domain. Every answer cites the verses it rests on. What we believe · All Bible questions